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KMID : 1161420220250050495
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Journal of Medicinal Food
2022 Volume.25 No. 5 p.495 ~ p.502
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The Anxiolytic-Like Effects of Protocatechuic Acid in an Animal Model of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
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Sur Bong-Jun
Kwon Sun-Oh
Hahm Dae-Hyun
Lee Bom-Bi
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Abstract
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Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a serious psychiatric disorder characterized by impaired fear extinction, depression, and anxiety caused by dysregulation of the hypothalamic?pituitary?adrenal axis and an imbalance of monoamines. Protocatechuic acid (PCA; 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid), a major polyphenol metabolite, has various pharmacological effects, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, and neuroprotective activities. In this study, the efficacy of PCA for fear extinction, antidepressant, and anxiolytic effects in PTSD-mediated psychiatric disorders, were evaluated by exposing rats to single prolonged stress (SPS). Male rats were administered PCA (100 or 200?mg/kg) once daily for 14 days after exposure to SPS. PCA significantly decreased situational fear, depressive and anxiety-like behaviors, and corticosterone levels. In addition, PCA regulated the imbalance of serotonin and norepinephrine in the fear circuit region (i.e., the medial prefrontal cortex and hippocampus [Hipp]), and suppressed the decrease in brain-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA expression in the Hipp. The results showed that PCA administration improves freezing behavior and has antidepressant and anti-anxiety effects through modulation of the serotonergic nervous system and monoamines in rats. These results indicated that PCA may be useful as a food ingredient to prevent PTSD.
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KEYWORD
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anxiety, fear memory, post-traumatic stress disorder, protocatechuic acid, single prolonged stress
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